Tertiary strata or system refers to a specific geological time period and corresponding rock layers that followed the Mesozoic Era, beginning about 65 million years ago and lasting until approximately 2.6 million years ago. It is the third and final part of the Phanerozoic Eon, preceded by the Paleozoic and Mesozoic Eras. The Tertiary period is also known as the Cenozoic Era, which encompasses a wide range of significant geological and biological events.
During this period, the Earth experienced significant changes in its climate, geology, and life forms. It was marked by the continued dominance and diversification of mammals, including the evolution of modern mammals such as primates, cetaceans, rodents, and carnivores. The Tertiary strata reveal evidence of various geological events like volcanic activity, erosion, deposition, and tectonic movements.
These strata consist of sedimentary rocks, such as sandstone, shale, and limestone, which were formed by the gradual accumulation and lithification of sediments over millions of years. Fossils of many organisms, including plants, marine creatures, and land animals, can be found within the Tertiary strata, providing valuable insights into the past environments and life forms that existed during this era.
By studying the Tertiary strata, geologists and paleontologists can gain a deeper understanding of Earth's history, ancient ecosystems, climate change, and the evolution of life on our planet.
