Tatouay (IPA: /tætwʌɪ/) is a rare French term used to describe a small South American armadillo with a long tail and long snout. The word is pronounced with two syllables, with the first syllable being stressed. The spelling of Tatouay seems unusual with the letter "ou" appearing twice in a row; however, this is a common practice in French spelling where "ou" is pronounced as "w". It is believed that the word Tatouay was derived from the Tupi language, a Native American language spoken in Brazil.
Tatouay refers to a medium-sized nocturnal mammal that belongs to the armadillo family, widely found in various parts of South and Central America. Scientifically known as Cabassous unicinctus, it is commonly referred to as the southern or three-banded armadillo.
With an average length of about 50 to 70 centimeters, the tatouay is predominantly characterized by its protective armor-like outer shell, which is composed of a series of bony plates. The shell acts as a defense mechanism, providing effective protection against predators in its natural habitat. Unlike most armadillos that possess an armored carapace, the tatouay bears three flexible bands on its back, allowing for enhanced movement and flexibility.
This species typically dwells in a variety of habitats, including grasslands, forests, and savannas. Due to its primarily nocturnal nature, the tatouay spends its days in underground burrows, which it constructs with its strong forelimbs. These burrows serve as protective shelters where they reside during periods of inactivity, such as during extreme temperatures or the day time.
The tatouay primarily sustains itself through an omnivorous diet, feeding on an assortment of insects, small invertebrates, plant matter, and occasionally carrion. It utilizes its strong digging abilities and sharp claws to excavate food from the soil or burrows of other animals. While the tatouay population remains stable in many regions due to its adaptability, deforestation and habitat destruction pose significant challenges to its long-term survival.
The word "tatouay" is derived from the French word "tatou", which means "armadillo". The French term, in turn, originated from the Tupi language, a language spoken by indigenous peoples in Brazil. In Tupi, "tatou" referred to a similar creature, which led to the adoption of the term in French.