The word "Tammany" refers to the Tammany Hall political machine, which was active in New York City in the 19th and early 20th centuries. The spelling of this word may be confusing for some, as it uses a combination of the sounds /t/ + /æ/ + /m/ + /ə/ + /n/ + /i/. In IPA phonetic transcription, this would be written as /tæməni/. The pronunciation of the word is typically stressed on the second syllable: TAH-muh-nee. It is important to note that the spelling of this word may vary in different contexts and languages.
Tammany was a notorious political machine that emerged in the mid-19th century in the United States. More specifically, Tammany Hall referred to a political organization associated with the Democratic Party in New York City. It was known for its exceptional corruption, power, and influence during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Tammany Hall was founded as a benevolent society in the late 1700s to support immigrants and those in need, but it gradually transformed into a formidable political force. By the mid-19th century, it had evolved into a powerful political machine that controlled New York City's politics through patronage and electoral fraud. It accumulated immense wealth and wielded disproportionate influence over economic and social matters.
The term "Tammany" is often used to describe political corruption, cronyism, and backroom wheeling and dealing. It represents a system characterized by illicit practices, such as graft, bribery, and favoritism in exchange for political support and control of public offices. Tammany Hall became synonymous with powerful political bosses, such as William M. Tweed, who was notorious for his manipulation of elections, embezzlement of public funds, and influence-peddling.
Overall, the term "tammany" has come to symbolize the dark side of American politics, wherein political organizations prioritize personal gain over public welfare, perpetuate systemic corruption, and undermine the democratic process.
The word "Tammany" is derived from the name of an indigenous Lenape chief, Tamanend (also spelled Tammany or Tammanend). Tamanend was revered as a peacemaker and skilled diplomat within the Lenape tribe. In the 17th century, European colonizers encountered Tamanend and his peaceful nature made a lasting impression on them. In the early 18th century, a social and political organization called the Society of St. Tammany was established in Philadelphia to uphold and celebrate the values attributed to Tamanend. This organization later became affiliated with the Democratic Party in New York City, and the name "Tammany" became associated with the political machine that controlled the city's politics in the 19th and early 20th centuries.