TAMBURA Meaning and
Definition
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A tambura refers to a stringed musical instrument that is widely used in various cultures across the world. It is typically plucked or strummed to produce melodic sounds.
Originating in India, the tambura found its place in the classical music traditions of this region. It is a large-bodied instrument that has a long neck, a resonator, and plucked strings. Traditionally, it featured four or sometimes five strings, but modern versions can have as many as six or seven. The strings are plucked with the fingers or a plectrum, creating a rich and resonant tone.
The tambura plays a fundamental role in Indian classical music, where it is primarily used as a drone instrument. Its continuous and repetitive sounds serve to establish a steady pitch and maintain the background tonal foundation in various compositions. The resonant buzzing produced by the strings adds a distinctive timbre to the music, contributing to its overall texture and mood.
Beyond India, the tambura has been adopted and adapted by different cultures, such as those found in the Middle East, Balkans, and Central Asia. In these regions, it may be known by various names and possess slightly different characteristics, but its fundamental purpose remains the same – to provide a continuous drone and enrich the harmonies of the music.
Overall, the tambura is a versatile and integral instrument in multiple musical traditions, contributing to the unique and enchanting soundscape of diverse cultural expressions.
Etymology of TAMBURA
The word "tambura" has its roots in Sanskrit, an ancient language of India. The Sanskrit term "tambūla" (तम्बूल) refers to a traditional Indian musical instrument, which is believed to have been the precursor to the modern tambura. Over time, the word evolved into various forms across different languages and cultures:
1. Sanskrit: Tambūla (तम्बूल)
2. Prakrit: Tambuva (तम्बुव)
3. Tamil: Tampura (தம்புரா)
4. Kannada: Tamburi (ತಂಬೂರಿ)
5. Telugu: Tamburu (తంబురు)
6. Persian: Tanbur (تنبور)
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