Talipes planovalgus (IPA: /ˈtælɪpiːz plænəʊˈvælɡəs/) is a medical condition that affects the feet, resulting in the foot having a flattened arch and turning outwards. The term is derived from Latin, with "talipes" meaning "clubfoot" and "planovalgus" meaning "flat and turned out." The spelling of talipes planovalgus follows the standard English spelling conventions, with the IPA transcription giving a more accurate representation of the pronunciation. Treatment for talipes planovalgus may involve physical therapy, orthotic devices, or, in severe cases, surgery.
Talipes planovalgus, also known as flatfoot, is a medical condition characterized by the abnormal positioning and alignment of the feet. In individuals with talipes planovalgus, the arch of the foot is either nonexistent or significantly flattened, causing the sole of the foot to come into complete contact with the ground. This condition can affect one or both feet and may be observed from birth or develop gradually over time.
Talipes planovalgus is usually associated with a collapsing of the foot's arch structure, leading to an excessive tendency of the foot to roll inward, referred to as overpronation. This inward rolling can disrupt the normal distribution of body weight and result in various symptoms such as pain, discomfort, and inability to participate in physical activities without fatigue or discomfort.
The causes of talipes planovalgus can be congenital, meaning the condition is present at birth due to genetic factors or developmental abnormalities. It can also be acquired later in life as a result of certain health conditions like muscle weaknesses, ligamentous laxity, obesity, or neuromuscular disorders.
Treatment for talipes planovalgus depends on the severity and associated symptoms. Non-surgical interventions may include exercises, physical therapy, and orthotic devices to provide support and correct the foot's alignment. In cases where conservative treatment fails to alleviate the symptoms, surgical procedures may be considered to repair or reconstruct the foot's arch structure and correct any associated deformities.
T. valgus.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
The term "talipes planovalgus" has its etymology derived from Latin and Greek roots. Here is a breakdown:
1. "Talipes": This term comes from Latin, where "tālus" means "ankle" and "pes" means "foot". Combined, "talipes" translates to "ankle-foot".
2. "Plano-": This prefix comes from the Greek word "planos", which means "flat". It is used to indicate a flat or fallen arch in this context.
3. "-valgus": Also from the Greek language, "-valgus" is a combination of "valgós" meaning "bent outward" or "knocked-kneed". It is used to describe the position of the foot when the heel is turned outward.