Pronunciation: [tˌabɑːdˈɪlə͡ʊ] (IPA) 
Tabardillo is a Spanish word that refers to typhus - an infectious disease caused by bacteria transmitted by lice. The spelling of the word can be confusing for non-Spanish speakers due to the letter "d" appearing twice. However, in Spanish, the "ll" sound is equivalent to the English "y" sound, and should be transcribed as /təˌbɑɹdiˈyo/ in IPA notation. So, the correct pronunciation of tabardillo would sound like "tuh-bar-dyo."
Tabardillo is a Spanish term used to refer to a specific infectious disease known as typhus. This illnes typically presents with symptoms such as high fever, severe headache, body aches, and a characteristic rash. It is primarily caused by the bacterium Rickettsia prowazekii, which is transmitted to humans through the bites of infected body lice.
The term "tabardillo" also encompasses the historical association of this disease with poverty, unsanitary conditions, and crowded living spaces. It gained prominence during the times of war, famine, and social upheaval, as these circumstances fostered the proliferation of lice and facilitated the transmission of the disease. Typhus outbreaks were particularly prevalent in concentration camps and among refugees fleeing conflicts.
The word "tabardillo" is derived from the Spanish term "tabardo," which refers to a loose, sleeveless garment worn by poor people. This etymology underscores the link between the illness and marginalized communities lacking proper living conditions.
Today, tabardillo is a somewhat archaic term for typhus, as the medical field more commonly uses the name "typhus" to describe the condition. Nonetheless, the word retains historical significance, serving as a reminder of a disease that plagued societies in times of hardship and adversity.
The Mexican term for the typhus fever of that country, matlazahuatl.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
The word "tabardillo" has its origin in the Spanish language. It is derived from the Latin term "tabardillum", which means "a little cloak" or "short coat". The Spanish term "tabardillo" specifically refers to a disease known as "typhus" in English. The association of the disease with the word "tabardillo" is due to the high fever and rash that resemble a cloak or covering.
