SYNAPSE Meaning and
Definition
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A synapse is a specialized connection between two nerve cells, or neurons, which allows for communication and transmission of signals within the nervous system. It is a crucial part of neural circuits and plays a vital role in the functioning of the brain and other parts of the body.
At a synapse, there are two main components: a presynaptic terminal and a postsynaptic terminal. The presynaptic terminal is located at the end of the sending neuron, while the postsynaptic terminal is found at the beginning of the receiving neuron. These two terminals are separated by a small gap called the synaptic cleft.
The process of communication at a synapse involves the release of chemical neurotransmitters from the presynaptic terminal into the synaptic cleft. These neurotransmitters then bind to specific receptors on the postsynaptic terminal, inducing electrical changes and transmitting the signal across the synapse.
The strength and efficiency of a synapse can be modified through a process called synaptic plasticity, which allows for the strengthening or weakening of connections between neurons. This plasticity is fundamental for learning, memory formation, and adaptability of the nervous system.
Overall, synapses are vital for coordinating and integrating the flow of information throughout the nervous system, enabling functions such as sensory perception, motor control, cognition, and emotion.
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Etymology of SYNAPSE
The word "synapse" comes from the Greek roots "syn-" meaning "together" or "with" and "haptein" meaning "to fasten" or "to join". The term was originally coined in 1897 by the British physiologist Sir Charles Sherrington, who used it to describe the junction between two nerve cells where they connect and transmit electrical or chemical signals.
Similar spelling words for SYNAPSE
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