Surface effect ships, also known as SES, are a type of watercraft characterized by their unique design and operational capabilities. These vessels are specifically designed to skim over the water surface, utilizing an air cushion created by an integrated air cushion system (ACS) located underneath the hull. The ACS creates a cushion of air that operates as a lifting force, allowing the ship to reduce friction resistance and increase speed.
The purpose of surface effect ships is to combine the advantages of both traditional displacement ships and hovercrafts. By utilizing the air cushion, these vessels can achieve higher speeds than conventional ships while maintaining improved stability and fuel efficiency. Their unique design also allows surface effect ships to operate efficiently in various water conditions, including shallow waters, marshlands, and ice-infested areas.
Additionally, surface effect ships are often utilized for various purposes such as military operations, commercial transportation, and search and rescue missions. Due to their ability to navigate in shallow waters, they are particularly useful for military applications, including coastal surveillance, mine countermeasures, and amphibious operations.
Overall, surface effect ships employ an innovative design that enables them to transcend the limitations of traditional vessels. They are a promising class of watercraft that offers enhanced speed, stability, and maneuverability while operating close to the water surface.
