Pronunciation: [sˈɜːbe͡ɪs] (IPA) 
The word "surbase" is spelled /ˈsɜːbəs/. This word is composed of two parts: "sur-" and "-base." "Sur-" means "on or above," while "base" refers to the lowest part of something. Therefore, a "surbase" is an architectural element that is placed above the base of a wall or column. The spelling of this word can be tricky, but understanding its meaning and breaking it down into its component parts can help make it easier to remember.
Surbase is a versatile architectural term that refers to a horizontal element that is placed above the base of a structure, typically a wall, column, or pedestal. This decorative or functional element serves as a transition between the base and further architectural components, adding aesthetic appeal and providing structural support.
In terms of design, a surbase often features ornamental detailing, such as mouldings, carvings, or other decorative motifs. It is commonly seen in various architectural styles, including classical, Renaissance, and Baroque. The surbase is typically located at a height beyond the base, creating a visual break and highlighting the transition to the upper part of the structure.
Structurally, the surbase serves multiple purposes. It functions as a protective barrier, preventing damage caused by moisture or the contact of people or objects with the base of the structure. It can also act as a support for additional architectural elements, such as pilasters or columns, providing a stable and balanced foundation.
Overall, the surbase plays a significant role in enhancing the overall appearance of architectural structures by adding elegance and depth. Its combination of decorative and functional qualities make it an important component in creating visually appealing and structurally sound designs.
In arch., a cornice or series of mouldings on the top of the base of a pedestal, &c.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
The word "surbase" is derived from the combination of two Latin words: "super" meaning "above" or "over", and "basis" meaning "base" or "foundation". This term was originally used in architecture to describe a molding or projecting base that is placed above a column or pedestal to support a superstructure or an entablature. Over time, "surbase" has also been used more broadly to refer to any type of architectural base or molding that sits on top of another element.
