Suppurative periapical periodontitis, also known as acute apical abscess, is a dental condition characterized by the inflammation and infection of the tissues surrounding the tooth root. This condition arises as a result of untreated dental caries or trauma to the tooth, leading to the invasion of bacteria into the tooth pulp.
In suppurative periapical periodontitis, the infection spreads from the tooth pulp through the root canal system to the periapical tissues, which include the bone, ligament, and gum tissues surrounding the root. The infection causes the formation of a collection of pus, resulting in swelling, severe pain, tenderness, and in some cases, the formation of a dental abscess.
Common symptoms of suppurative periapical periodontitis may include throbbing pain, a foul taste, sensitivity to cold and hot temperatures, swelling and redness in the affected area, and general malaise. If left untreated, the infection can spread further to adjacent structures, leading to a more severe condition called cellulitis or osteomyelitis.
Treatment for suppurative periapical periodontitis typically involves the removal of the source of infection through root canal therapy or tooth extraction. Antibiotics may also be prescribed to control the infection. In some cases, incision and drainage of the abscess may be necessary to alleviate symptoms and facilitate healing.
Preventive measures for suppurative periapical periodontitis include practicing good oral hygiene, such as regular brushing and flossing, and visiting the dentist for routine dental check-ups. Prompt treatment of dental caries or trauma is essential to prevent the development of this condition.
