The word "supersaturate" is spelled with the prefix "super-" meaning "over" or "above", followed by "saturate" meaning "to fill completely with a substance". The pronunciation is /ˌsuːpərˈsætʃəreɪt/, with emphasis on the second syllable (/ˈsætʃ/). This word is commonly used in chemistry to describe a solution that is filled with more of a substance than it can hold at a particular temperature, resulting in the excess forming crystals or precipitating out of the solution.
Supersaturate is a verb that refers to the process of increasing the concentration or saturation of a substance beyond its normal or maximum capacity. This term is commonly used in chemistry and physics when discussing solutions or gases.
In a chemical context, supersaturation occurs when a solution contains more solute than it can dissolve under normal conditions. This can be achieved by heating the solution to increase the solubility or by adding more solute to an already saturated solution. As a result, the solution becomes unstable and any slight disturbance can trigger the precipitation or crystallization of the excess solute, causing it to become supersaturated.
In physics, supersaturation is related to the state of a gas that contains a higher concentration of vapor than it can hold at a given temperature and pressure. This can occur when the gas is quickly cooled or compressed, causing the excess vapor to become supersaturated. Similarly to a supersaturated solution, any small disturbance can cause the excess vapor to condense or form droplets, resulting in a more stable equilibrium state.
Overall, supersaturate describes the act of exceeding the normal concentration or saturation limit of a substance, leading to an unstable state that may eventually result in precipitation or condensation.
To make a solution hold more of a salt or other substance than it will normally dissolve.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
To add beyond saturation.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
The word "supersaturate" is derived from Latin roots. Here is the breakdown:
1. "Super-" comes from the Latin prefix "super", which means "above" or "over".
2. "Saturate" comes from the Latin word "saturatus", which is the past participle of the verb "saturare", meaning "to fill to capacity", "to saturate", or "to soak".
When combined, "super" and "saturate" form the word "supersaturate", which refers to the process of saturating beyond the normal limit or capacity.