Superior Laryngeal Nerves, also known as SLN, are a pair of nerves that play a crucial role in the functioning of the larynx, a part of the respiratory system located in the neck. These nerves arise from the vagus nerve and are responsible for supplying sensory and motor innervation to different components of the larynx.
The superior laryngeal nerves branch off into two main divisions, the internal branch and the external branch. The internal branch primarily carries sensory fibers and provides innervation to the mucous membrane lining the upper part of the larynx, particularly the epiglottis and the base of the tongue. This sensory information aids in the reflex actions involved in swallowing and protects the airway during the process.
The external branch, on the other hand, carries motor fibers that innervate the cricothyroid muscle. This muscle is responsible for controlling the tension of the vocal cords, which in turn affects voice production. By providing motor innervation to the cricothyroid muscle, the superior laryngeal nerves contribute to modulating and adjusting the pitch and quality of the voice.
Damage or dysfunction of the superior laryngeal nerves can lead to various voice disorders and difficulties in swallowing. Disorders such as vocal fold paresis or paralysis, dysphonia, and aspiration pneumonia are some examples of conditions that can result from impairment of the superior laryngeal nerves. Treatment may involve medical or surgical interventions depending on the underlying cause and severity of the nerve dysfunction.
In summary, the superior laryngeal nerves are crucial for maintaining the proper functioning of the larynx, including voice production and protection of the airway during swallowing.
