SUMMA THEOLOGICA Meaning and
Definition
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The term "Summa Theologica" originated from Latin and is often referred to as the "Summa Theologiae" or "Summa Theologicæ." It is a monumental theological work written by the Italian Dominican friar and philosopher, Thomas Aquinas, in the 13th century. The Summa Theologica is widely considered as one of the most influential and comprehensive summaries of Catholic theology ever produced.
This massive work comprises of numerous questions and sub-questions that systematically cover a wide range of theological topics. It is divided into three main parts: the first part discusses God and his existence, the second part tackles moral philosophy and human acts, while the third part focuses on the person and work of Christ, the sacraments, and the Last Things.
Aquinas sought to integrate ancient Greek philosophy, especially the works of Aristotle, with Christian doctrine in the Summa Theologica. He employed a logical and reasoned approach, known as Scholasticism, to investigate various theological matters and provide clear and concise answers to complex theological questions. Aquinas's work had a profound impact on Catholic theology and became a foundation for many subsequent theologians.
The Summa Theologica continues to be studied and referenced in academic and theological circles as it provides a comprehensive overview of key theological concepts and offers profound insights into various Christian doctrines. It remains a significant milestone in the history of Western philosophy and theology, exemplifying Aquinas's intellectual prowess and his efforts to reconcile faith and reason.
Etymology of SUMMA THEOLOGICA
The word "summa theologica" is derived from Latin. Here is the breakdown of its etymology:
1. Summa: This word comes from the Latin adjective "summus", which means "highest" or "supreme". It is the superlative form of the Latin word "superus" meaning "upper" or "higher". In this context, "summa" suggests the highest or most comprehensive work in the field of theology.
2. Theologica: This term comes from the Latin word "theologia", which has its roots in Greek. The Greek term "theologia" is a compound word consisting of "theos" (meaning "god") and "logos" (meaning "word" or "study"). The Latinized form "theologia" originally referred to the study or knowledge of God and religious matters.
