SUBGRANULAR ZONE Meaning and
Definition
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Subgranular zone refers to a specialized region within the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, a region of the brain involved in memory formation and storage. The subgranular zone is characterized by its location situated between the granule cell layer and the hilus. It is primarily composed of neural stem cells called progenitor cells or precursor cells.
These progenitor cells in the subgranular zone possess the unique ability to divide and generate new neurons, a process known as neurogenesis. Neurogenesis in the subgranular zone is believed to play a significant role in certain types of learning and memory, as well as spatial navigation. This zone is distinct from the rest of the dentate gyrus due to its high concentration of progenitor cells.
The subgranular zone is thought to be involved in regulating the balance between neurogenesis and neuronal survival within the hippocampus. Various factors, including environmental stimuli, stress, and aging, can influence the activity of the subgranular zone and subsequently impact neurogenesis.
Studying the subgranular zone and understanding the mechanisms underlying neurogenesis in this region may have important implications for enhancing our knowledge of neuroplasticity, cognitive function, and potential treatments for neurological disorders. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complex processes and functions associated with the subgranular zone and its role in brain function.
Etymology of SUBGRANULAR ZONE
The word "subgranular zone" is a term in neuroscience referring to a specific area in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, a region of the brain involved in memory and learning. The etymology of this term can be broken down as follows:
1. Sub-: A prefix meaning "below" or "under".
2. Granular: This word is derived from the Latin word "granulum", meaning "small grain". In neuroscience, "granular" is used to describe structures or regions composed of small, grain-like cells.
3. Zone: This word is derived from the Greek word "zōnē", meaning "belt" or "girdle". In this context, "zone" refers to a specific area or region.
Therefore, when combined, "subgranular zone" refers to the region located below or underneath the granule cells within the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus.
