STRICT LIABILITY Meaning and
Definition
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Strict liability is a legal concept that holds an individual or entity responsible for any damages or injuries caused by their actions, regardless of fault or intent. In other words, it imposes liability even when the defendant is not negligent or at fault, as long as certain criteria are met.
Under strict liability, the plaintiff (the injured party) does not need to prove that the defendant intended to cause harm, acted negligently, or breached a duty of care. Instead, the focus is on the dangerous nature of the activity or the product involved. If harm occurs as a result of engaging in the specified activity or using the product, the defendant is held strictly liable.
This legal doctrine is commonly applied in product liability cases, such as when a defective product causes harm or injury to consumers. It ensures that manufacturers, distributors, and sellers assume the responsibility for the safety of their products and are held accountable for any harm they cause.
Strict liability aims to protect consumers by shifting the burden of proof from the injured party to the defendant. It encourages businesses and individuals to prioritize safety when engaging in activities or producing goods that could potentially harm others. However, there are exceptions and defenses available to defendants facing strict liability claims, such as demonstrating that the plaintiff's own actions caused their injuries or that the product was reasonably safe when used as intended.
Etymology of STRICT LIABILITY
The term "strict liability" originated from English common law. The word "strict" derives from the Latin word "strictus", meaning "tight" or "narrow". It implies that there is little to no flexibility or leniency. The word "liability" comes from the Latin word "liabilitas", which refers to being legally responsible or liable for something. Therefore, the etymology of "strict liability" suggests that someone is legally responsible or liable for their actions or the consequences thereof, without the need for proving fault or negligence.
