The phrase "stool pigeon" is often used to refer to a person who informs on others. Despite its common usage, the spelling of this phrase can be misleading. The word "stool" is pronounced with the 'oo' sound, as in "school," while "pigeon" is pronounced with a soft 'g' and the emphasis on the second syllable. The phonetic transcription of this phrase is /stuːl ˈpɪdʒən/. It's important to note that the term "stool pigeon" originated from hunting, where a live pigeon was tied to a stool and used as bait.
The term "stool pigeon" refers to a person who acts as an informant or spy for law enforcement authorities or other powerful entities, often in the context of illegal or illicit activities. This term originated in the realm of criminal slang and has since entered common usage. A stool pigeon typically gathers information from within a criminal organization or social group and surreptitiously passes that information on to the authorities, often to gain favor or leniency in exchange for their cooperation.
The concept of a stool pigeon is rooted in the likening of the person to a decoy bird used by hunters to lure other birds. In this context, the stool pigeon lures unsuspecting individuals or criminals into a false sense of security, only to betray them by revealing their secrets or illegal actions. The term can imply treachery, betrayal, and a breach of trust.
Due to the often secretive nature of their activities, stool pigeons may face risks or retaliation from those they inform on, making their role fraught with potential consequences. The term is frequently used in the realm of organized crime, undercover police work, or other contexts involving covert operations.
The word "stool pigeon" has an interesting etymology that dates back to the 16th century. It combines two separate words: "stool" and "pigeon".
Firstly, "stool" in this context refers to a seat or a perch. In the past, some birdcatchers would use a stool or a perch to attract birds, particularly pigeons, to a certain location. They would place food or bait on the stool, which would entice the pigeons to land and feed.
Secondly, "pigeon" symbolizes a decoy bird that was used to trap or deceive other birds. The decoy pigeon would be tied or placed near the stool, attracting other pigeons into the trap.
Over time, the term "stool pigeon" evolved and took on a figurative meaning.