The word "stilled" is pronounced /stɪld/ in IPA phonetic transcription. It is spelled with a double "l" to indicate that the "i" is short and to distinguish it from the similar word "staled." The "-ed" suffix is added to the verb "still" to indicate past tense. "Still" can have multiple meanings depending on the context, such as "calm" or "stop movement." In "stilled," the word indicates that something that was once active or moving has been brought to a state of calm or stillness.
Stilled is the past tense and past participle form of the verb "still." The term "still" can be defined as follows:
1. To make or become quiet, calm, or tranquil; to cause or experience a cessation of noise, movement, or agitation. It involves the absence of any sound, motion, or disturbance. For example, "He stilled the crowd with a commanding presence" or "The lake stilled as the wind ceased to blow."
2. To bring or reach a complete state of rest or composure; to create or encounter a sense of serenity or tranquility. It refers to achieving a state of peace, calmness, or quietude. For instance, "Yoga practice helps to still the mind" or "The majestic sunset stilled her restless spirit."
3. To suppress, eliminate, or reduce something; to bring to a halt or an end, typically related to emotions, thoughts, or activities. It implies the control or regulation of certain aspects or elements. For example, "Taking deep breaths will help still your anxiety" or "The medication helped still his trembling hands."
4. To distill or purify a liquid through the process of heating and cooling, resulting in the removal of impurities or the increase in concentration. It is often applied to the extraction of alcohol from a liquid mixture. For instance, "The moonshiner stilled the spirit to create a high-quality whiskey."
The word "stilled" is the past tense and past participle form of the verb "still". The verb "still" can have several meanings, but in the context of calming or quieting something, it comes from the Old English word "stylian" or "styllan". This Old English word ultimately derives from the Proto-Germanic word "*stuljaną". The Proto-Germanic word, in turn, is believed to have its origin in the Proto-Indo-European root "*stelh₁-" which means "fixed" or "immovable". From this root, the various Germanic languages developed their own forms, leading to the Old English "stylian" and eventually the modern English "still" and "stilled".