Stereognosis is a term used in neurology and psychology to describe the ability to recognize objects by touch alone. The spelling of the word is pronounced [stɛrɪoɡˈnəʊsɪs], with emphasis on the second syllable. The first part of the word, "stereo," refers to three-dimensional perception, while "gnosis" means knowledge or perception. People with impaired stereognosis may struggle to identify objects based on touch alone, which can have a significant impact on their daily activities.
Stereognosis refers to the ability to recognize and interpret objects through touch and manipulation, without relying on visual cues. It is the sensory perception and cognitive process that allows individuals to identify and distinguish the shapes, sizes, textures, and other physical characteristics of objects solely through the use of their hands and fingers.
This capacity is closely related to the sense of touch and proprioception, which is the awareness of the position and movement of one's body. Through the integration of input from tactile receptors located throughout the skin and muscles, as well as the utilization of memory and past experiences, the brain is able to process and interpret the information gathered by the hands.
Stereognosis plays an essential role in everyday tasks, such as buttoning a shirt, tying shoelaces, or picking up objects, as it allows individuals to make sense of their physical environment. It also contributes to fine motor skills and hand-eye coordination.
The intact functioning of stereognosis is crucial for individuals with visual impairments, as it provides them with an alternative way to interact and navigate the world. It is also used in certain medical assessments, such as evaluating neurological function or determining sensory deficits in individuals with injuries or conditions affecting the somatosensory system.
The appreciation of the form of an object by means of touch.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
The word "Stereognosis" has its etymology rooted in Greek. It is derived from two Greek words: "stereos", meaning "solid", and "gnosis", meaning "knowledge" or "perception". When combined, "stereognosis" can be understood to mean "the perception or knowledge of solid objects". The term is often used in the field of neuroscience and medicine to describe the ability to recognize and identify objects through touch and manipulation, without relying on visual cues.