STATIONARY STATE Meaning and
Definition
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A stationary state, in the realm of physics and quantum mechanics, refers to a state of a system or particle that remains unchanging over time. This state is characterized by a constant and unvarying set of properties, such as energy, momentum, and position. It is the equilibrium condition of a system, wherein its dynamic behavior ceases to evolve or exhibit any observable changes.
In quantum mechanics, the stationary state is commonly associated with the energy levels of an atom or a particle confined within a potential well. Each energy level has an associated wave function, and in a stationary state, the wave function remains fixed and does not evolve in time. This means that the probability distribution of finding the particle at different positions remains constant over time.
The concept of stationary state plays a crucial role in understanding the behavior of quantum systems. It helps to define the quantized energy levels of atoms and molecules, as well as providing insights into the stability and structure of matter. Furthermore, it allows for the accurate calculation of various observable quantities, including the absorption and emission spectra of atoms and the properties of electronic devices.
In summary, a stationary state refers to a stable condition of a physical system in which its properties do not change with time, making it a fundamental concept in the study of quantum mechanics and the behavior of atoms and molecules.
Etymology of STATIONARY STATE
The term "stationary state" is derived from the word "stationary" and the concept of a "state".
- "Stationary" (with an "a") comes from the Latin word "stationarius", which means "pertaining to a station or post". The word "stationarius" is derived from the Latin word "statio", meaning "a standing, post, or position". Over time, the word "stationary" came to have the meaning of "not moving or not capable of being moved".
- "State" comes from the Latin word "status", meaning "condition, position, or state". It may also be traced back to the Latin verb "stare", which means "to stand". In English, "state" refers to a particular condition, quality, or stage of development.
