Pronunciation: [stˈalɐɡmˌa͡ɪt] (IPA) 
The word "stalagmite" is spelled with an "i" in the middle, despite it sounding like it should be spelled with an "a". This is because the word originates from Greek, where "stalagma" means "a drop". The "i" in the middle represents the "g" sound in "stalagma", as it is pronounced in Greek. In IPA phonetic transcription, "stalagmite" is spelled /ˈstæləɡmaɪt/, with the stressed syllable being "ag" (/æɡ/).
A stalagmite is a geological formation that occurs in caves and caverns as a result of the deposition of mineral-rich water, typically calcium carbonate from dripping or seeping water. It is a type of speleothem which grows upwards from the floor of the cave. Stalagmites are known for their conical or columnar shape, and they are formed over an extended period, taking thousands or even millions of years to reach their full size.
The formation of a stalagmite begins when groundwater containing dissolved minerals, usually calcite, drips from the ceiling of a cave and falls to the ground. As the water droplet lands, it leaves behind a small deposit of minerals. Over time, these mineral deposits accumulate, creating a small mound or bump. As successive drops of water fall and deposit more minerals, the stalagmite grows taller, incrementally adding to its height.
Stalagmites can vary in size, shape, and color, depending on the specific composition of the mineral deposits and the local geological conditions. They can range from a few centimeters to several meters in height. Often, they display a stunning array of colors due to the presence of impurities and different mineral compositions within the water that created them.
Stalagmites are an important and fascinating feature of caves. They provide valuable geological information about the past climate, water levels, and the age of the cave system. Additionally, stalagmites are renowned for their captivating beauty, attracting numerous visitors to caves worldwide for exploration and appreciation.
The same mineral matter as stalactites, but applied to the incrustations that cover the floor of the cavern; the stalactites and stalagmites frequently meet one another, and form pillar-like masses.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
The word "stalagmite" is derived from the Greek words "stalagma" and "migma", which mean "a drop" and "a thing that is dropped" respectively. These Greek terms are ultimately derived from the verb "stalassein", which means "to drip". The prefix "stalag-" in "stalagmite" refers to the formation growing from the floor of a cave, formed by the dripping of water containing mineral deposits. Conversely, "stalactite" refers to the formation hanging from the ceiling of a cave, also created by the dripping of mineral-rich water.
