St. Vitus Dance, also known as Sydenham's chorea or simply chorea, is a neurological disorder characterized by rapid, involuntary, and irregular movements of the muscles. The name "St. Vitus Dance" originates from the medieval belief that the condition was caused by the influence of Saint Vitus, a Christian martyr and patron saint of dancers. This disorder primarily affects children and adolescents, usually occurring as a complication of rheumatic fever, a condition resulting from untreated streptococcal infections.
The symptoms of St. Vitus Dance include jerky, uncontrolled movements involving the face, arms, and legs, often leading to the affected individual appearing restless, fidgety, or constantly in motion. These movements can range from mild to severe, and may also be accompanied by muscle weakness, slurred speech, and difficulty carrying out fine motor tasks. Additionally, some individuals may experience behavioral changes, such as irritability, anxiety, or emotional instability.
The exact cause of St. Vitus Dance is not fully understood, but it is believed to be an autoimmune response triggered by a streptococcal infection. The bacteria induce an immune response that inadvertently attacks the basal ganglia, a structure in the brain responsible for coordinating movements. Diagnosis of St. Vitus Dance can be made through a thorough medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests to rule out other potential conditions.
Treatment for St. Vitus Dance typically involves addressing the underlying streptococcal infection through the administration of antibiotics. Medications such as anticonvulsants or dopamine-depleting agents may be prescribed to help suppress the involuntary movements and manage symptoms. Physical therapy and supportive care may also be recommended to assist individuals in improving muscle control and coordination. In most cases, St. Vitus
