Somatosensory disorder, also known as sensory processing disorder (SPD) or sensory integration disorder, refers to a condition in which there is an atypical processing of sensory stimuli from the environment. It is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects the brain's ability to interpret and respond appropriately to sensory information, leading to difficulties in regulating various sensations.
Individuals with somatosensory disorder may find it challenging to process and integrate sensory input, such as touch, movement, taste, sound, and visual stimuli. This can result in an over- or under-sensitivity to these sensations, leading to behavioral and emotional responses that are inappropriate or inconsistent with the stimuli.
The symptoms of somatosensory disorder can vary widely among individuals, but common manifestations include hypersensitivity to certain textures, aversion to certain sounds or bright lights, difficulties with fine and gross motor skills, poor coordination and balance, and a tendency to seek or avoid certain types of sensory input.
Somatosensory disorder can significantly impact an individual's daily functioning, disrupting their ability to engage in normal activities, interact with others, and learn effectively. It is often associated with other conditions such as autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and developmental coordination disorder.
Treatment for somatosensory disorder typically involves occupational therapy, which focuses on providing sensory integration interventions to help individuals regulate their sensory responses and improve their overall sensory processing abilities. Other therapies, such as speech and language therapy, may also be incorporated to address associated difficulties.
