Somateria is a genus of sea ducks in the family Anatidae, which includes two species: the common eider (Somateria mollissima) and the spectacled eider (Somateria fischeri). These large-bodied diving ducks are well-adapted for living in marine environments and are primarily found in the Northern Hemisphere.
The common eider, also known as the St. Cuthbert's duck, is a migratory species that breeds in Arctic and northern coastal areas of Europe, North America, and northeast Asia. They have a striking appearance, with males displaying a predominantly white plumage and females having more drab colors. Eiders are known for their thick down insulation, which is used for lining their nests and is highly valued in the making of warm garments.
The spectacled eider, on the other hand, is a rarer species that inhabits coastal areas of Alaska and northeastern Siberia. It is named after the distinct ring of white feathers around its eyes, resembling spectacles. Spectacled eiders are considered threatened and face various conservation concerns, including loss of breeding habitat and hunting pressures.
Both species of somateria ducks are adapted to feed by diving underwater, using their specialized bills to capture mollusks, crustaceans, and other small marine invertebrates. They have well-developed webbed feet that enable efficient swimming and diving capabilities.
Overall, somateria refers to a genus of sea ducks that are known for their adaptation to marine life, distinctive physical characteristics, and ecological significance as a part of the Anatidae family.
