SODIUM METABISULFITE Meaning and
Definition
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Sodium metabisulfite is a chemical compound with the formula Na₂S₂O₅. It is a white, odorless, crystalline powder that is soluble in water and commonly used as a food preservative and antioxidant. It is composed of sodium cations (Na⁺) and the metabisulfite anion (S₂O₅²⁻).
As a food preservative, sodium metabisulfite functions by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. It is commonly employed in the preservation of different food products, such as wines, juices, and seafood. Additionally, it serves as an antioxidant, which helps prevent the oxidation of certain food components, preventing spoilage and extending shelf life.
Beyond its applications in the food industry, sodium metabisulfite is also utilized in various other sectors. For instance, in the pharmaceutical industry, it is used as a reducing agent and as a preservative for injectable medications. It is used in water treatment processes to control chlorine levels and remove heavy metals. In the textile industry, it is used as a bleaching agent, reducing the color intensity of certain fabrics. Moreover, the compound finds use in the production of photographic chemicals, as well as in certain chemical reactions as a source of sulfur dioxide gas.
However, it is important to note that sodium metabisulfite may cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals, particularly those suffering from asthma or sulfite sensitivity. Therefore, its use in food products is strictly regulated, and its presence must be mentioned on labels to ensure consumer awareness and safety.
Etymology of SODIUM METABISULFITE
The word "sodium" is derived from the Medieval Latin "sodanum", which referred to a headache remedy made from a sodium compound. "Sodanum" itself can be traced back to the Arabic "suda", meaning "headache".
The term "metabisulfite" is derived from the Greek roots "meta", meaning "after", and "bisulfite" referring to a salt of sulfurous acid (H₂SO₃). In this context, "metabisulfite" refers to a compound formed after the oxidation of sulfurous acid.
When combined, "sodium metabisulfite" refers to a compound made from sodium (Na) and a salt of sulfurous acid.
