Social distance is a concept that refers to the perceived and/or actual physical, emotional, and cultural separation between individuals or groups. It encompasses the level of comfort or space that people maintain or require to feel safe and secure in their interactions with others. It involves maintaining a certain physical distance from others, but it goes beyond just physical proximity.
In terms of physical distance, social distance can also refer to the spatial or geographic separation between individuals or groups, particularly in situations where there is limited contact or interaction. This may include segregation based on various factors such as race, ethnicity, religion, socioeconomic status, or age.
Social distance can also be conceptualized in terms of emotional or psychological separation. In this sense, it pertains to the extent to which individuals feel connected, related, or emotionally close to others. It can reflect the level of trust, understanding, and empathy people have for one another. Emotional social distance can be influenced by stereotypes, bias, prejudices, or a lack of knowledge about different cultures or backgrounds.
Furthermore, social distance can encompass cultural or societal gaps that exist between different groups, such as differences in language, customs, values, or beliefs. It can influence social interactions, inclusion/exclusion dynamics, and overall social cohesion within a community or society.
Overall, social distance reflects the degree of separation or connection between individuals or groups across various dimensions, including physical, emotional, and cultural aspects.
The word "social distance" is a compound term that combines the words "social" and "distance".
The term "social" originated from the Latin word "socius", meaning "companion" or "ally". It refers to activities or interactions that involve people or communities, relating to society, mutual relations, or public matters.
The word "distance" has its roots in the Latin word "distantia", meaning "an interval" or "space between". It pertains to the separation, gap, or physical space between two things or individuals.
When combined, "social distance" has come to be used in modern times to describe the act of maintaining a physical space or separation between individuals to minimize the spread of contagious diseases or to indicate a psychological or emotional separation between people, such as when individuals are socially isolated or excluded.