SMPS stands for Switched-Mode Power Supply. It is an electronic power supply that uses switching regulators to efficiently convert electrical power. Primarily used in electronic devices, SMPSs are designed to convert the high-voltage alternating current (AC) received from the main power source into a lower-voltage direct current (DC) that is suitable for powering the different components of the device.
Unlike linear power supplies that use transformers and voltage regulators to achieve the desired output voltage, SMPSs use high-frequency switching techniques to regulate the output voltage. These power supplies consist of several key components, namely rectifiers, inductors, capacitors, transistors, and control circuits. The rectifier converts AC to DC, while the inductor helps store and transfer energy. Capacitors smoothen out the voltage ripple, and the transistors are responsible for the switching operation. The control circuits monitor and regulate the output voltage and provide necessary feedback to adjust the switching operation.
The main advantage of an SMPS over linear power supplies is its high efficiency. Switched-Mode Power Supplies can achieve efficiency ratings of up to 90% or higher, resulting in less energy wasted as heat loss. This efficiency also allows for smaller and lighter power supplies, making SMPSs popular in applications where size and weight constraints are crucial. Additionally, SMPSs can provide different output voltages, making them versatile and suitable for a wide range of electronic devices, such as computers, smartphones, audio systems, and medical equipment.
In summary, SMPS is an electronic power supply that efficiently converts high-voltage AC to lower-voltage DC using switching regulators. It is known for its high efficiency, size, and weight advantages, making it widely used in various electronic devices.
