Slow Reacting Substance of Anaphylaxis (SRS-A) refers to a group of chemical compounds that are released during an allergic reaction, causing various allergic symptoms and inflammation in the body. It is also known as leukotrienes. SRS-A is primarily involved in the late-phase allergic response, hence its name, as it takes several hours to develop following an initial allergic reaction.
The release of SRS-A is triggered by an allergen, such as pollen, dust mites, or certain foods, which activates the immune system, specifically white blood cells called mast cells and basophils. These cells release SRS-A as part of the body's defense mechanism, aimed at eliminating the allergen.
SRS-A compounds cause smooth muscle contraction, particularly in the bronchi of the lungs, leading to difficulty breathing and wheezing in individuals with asthma or other respiratory conditions. Additionally, they cause blood vessel dilation, increasing permeability and promoting fluid leakage into tissues, resulting in swelling, redness, and itching at the site of the allergic reaction.
Furthermore, these substances attract other immune cells to the site, perpetuating the allergic response and amplifying the release of inflammatory mediators. This can prolong the duration and severity of allergic symptoms, contributing to chronic inflammation and tissue damage.
Understanding the role of SRS-A is vital for the development of effective treatments and medications for allergic reactions, particularly in managing the symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and other allergic conditions.
