A SLAPP suit is a legal action filed to silence or intimidate critics by burdening them with exorbitant legal fees. The acronym SLAPP stands for Strategic Lawsuit Against Public Participation. The pronunciation of SLAPP [slæp] reflects the traditional spelling of the word "slap" with an added extra "p". The use of the acronym SLAPP has been in use since the 1980s, with the term coming into use after the Californian anti-SLAPP law was passed in 1992. This law provides protection for individuals or groups that face SLAPP suits.
A SLAPP suit is a term used to describe a Strategic Lawsuit Against Public Participation. It refers to a legal action filed with the intention of silencing or intimidating individuals or organizations exercising their right to free speech or participating in public discourse. SLAPP suits are typically brought by powerful entities, corporations, or individuals against critics, activists, journalists, or community members who have spoken out against them or advocated for a particular cause.
The primary objective of a SLAPP suit is not necessarily to win the case but to burden the defendant with the high costs of legal fees, time-consuming proceedings, and emotional stress. By doing so, the plaintiff aims to discourage or deter any further public criticism or activism against their interests. The claims made in a SLAPP suit are often exaggerated or frivolous, lacking substantial merit, but they serve the purpose of harassment and retaliation.
SLAPP suits are generally viewed as an abuse of the legal system and are considered a threat to freedom of speech, public participation, and democratic processes. Many countries and jurisdictions have enacted laws or regulations to prevent or counter SLAPP suits, providing legal protections and remedies for the victims. Such laws vary, but they often include measures like expedited dismissal of cases lacking merit, shifting the burden of legal costs to the plaintiff, and providing counterclaims against the plaintiff for damages.
Despite legal protections, SLAPP suits continue to pose a significant challenge to public discourse, journalists, activists, and others who exercise their right to speak freely and engage in open dialogue on matters of public concern.
The term "SLAPP suit" is an acronym that stands for "Strategic Lawsuit Against Public Participation". The word "SLAPP" itself was coined by two professors, George W. Pring and Penelope Canan, in their 1989 book "SLAPPs: Getting Sued for Speaking Out".
The etymology of the word SLAPP, as an acronym, reflects the purpose and nature of this type of lawsuit. It highlights the strategic nature of these legal actions, which are typically filed by powerful entities, such as corporations or individuals with substantial resources, to silence or intimidate individuals or groups who engage in public participation or express their opinions on matters of public interest.