The spelling of "silkworm gut" can be confusing because it doesn't actually refer to the intestines of a silkworm. It's a type of fishing line made from the fibers of a silkworm's cocoon. The word is pronounced /ˈsɪlkwɜrm ɡʌt/, with the first syllable pronounced like "silk," and the second syllable rhyming with "cut." Despite the name, silkworm gut is not actually made from gut, but instead from the silk fibers of the cocoon, which are flattened and twisted together to make a durable fishing line.
Silkworm gut refers to a specialized form of surgical suture material that is derived from the silk fibers produced by the silkworm cocoon. It is a type of natural absorbable suture made from the silk fibers of the Bombyx mori silkworm, which has been used in surgical procedures for centuries.
Silkworm gut is prepared by the process of degumming, where the silk fibers are washed and treated to remove the sericin coating, leaving behind a smooth, fine, and flexible thread. This preparation process enhances the tensile strength and overall quality of the suture material.
Used primarily in delicate surgical procedures, especially in ophthalmology and microsurgery, silkworm gut offers several advantages. Its thin and smooth texture allows for easier handling and knot tying, making it suitable for intricate procedures where precision and fine sutures are required. Additionally, it is highly biocompatible, causing minimal tissue reaction and irritation.
One of the distinct characteristics of silkworm gut is its absorbability. It is gradually broken down by enzymatic degradation in the body over time, and its absorption rate is relatively slow compared to other naturally derived sutures. This property allows for extended wound support and reduces the risk of stitch abscess formation.
Despite its benefits, the use of silkworm gut has declined in recent years due to the availability of more advanced synthetic absorbable sutures and improvements in surgical techniques. Nonetheless, silkworm gut remains an important part of surgical history and a viable option for specific surgical applications.
A suture material obtained by drawing out in a single thread the fluid silk in a silkworm just ready to spin its cocoon.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
The term "silkworm gut" has a compound etymology that combines elements from two different sources.
The first part, "silkworm", refers to the insect species Bombyx mori, which is known for its silk production. Silkworms are cultivated for their cocoons, which are made of silk fibers. These fibers are then often used to produce various silk products, including surgical sutures.
The second part, "gut", originally referred to the intestines or entrails of animals. In the context of "silkworm gut", it refers to the material made from the dried and twisted intestines of sheep, often used historically for stringing tennis rackets, musical instruments like tennis, and as surgical sutures.