The word "shalt" is a variant spelling of the word "shall," and it is pronounced /ʃælt/ in IPA phonetic transcription. The spelling "shalt" is usually found in older texts, particularly in the Bible and other religious texts. Its use has declined over time, and "shall" is now the preferred spelling of the word. Despite its decreasing popularity, "shalt" still holds a certain poetic quality and is occasionally used for stylistic purposes in modern writing.
Shalt is a second person singular form of the verb "shall" in Old English and Middle English, commonly used in archaic or poetic contexts. It is derived from the Old English word "sceal" and shares its root with other Germanic languages such as German "soll" and Dutch "zal."
The word "shalt" is primarily an auxiliary verb that expresses a sense of obligation, necessity, or future intention, indicating that something is expected or required to happen. It is typically used to form assertions, commands, or promises, and functions as a precursor to the main verb in a sentence. For instance, in the sentence "Thou shalt not steal," "shalt" emphasizes the commandment or moral obligation to refrain from theft.
In modern English, "shall" and "shalt" have largely fallen out of common use, replaced by the simpler auxiliary verb "will." However, "shalt" may still be encountered in literary or religious contexts, where authors intentionally use archaic language to create a specific tone or evoke a sense of tradition.
It is important to note that "shalt" carries an inherent formality and was typically used when addressing someone of higher rank or authority. As a result, its usage is now largely confined to historical or artistic works, adding a touch of antiquity and evoking a sense of a bygone era.
Second pers. sing. of shall, which see.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
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The word shalt is a second-person singular form of the verb shall. Its etymology can be traced back to Middle English, where it was spelled as shalt or shulte. In turn, these forms derived from Old English scalt, which is the second-person singular past tense form of the verb sculan or sceal. Sculan was the root verb that eventually developed into the modern shall. The exact origin of sculan is uncertain, but it may be related to the Old Norse word skulu, meaning to owe or to be obliged.