SHALMANESER III Meaning and
Definition
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Shalmaneser III was an Assyrian king who reigned from 859 to 824 BCE. He was the son of Ashurnasirpal II and one of the most significant rulers of the Neo-Assyrian Empire. Shalmaneser III is renowned for his successful military campaigns and his efforts to expand and strengthen the Assyrian Empire.
As a king, Shalmaneser III is predominantly known for his military expeditions recorded in his annals, prominently displayed on the Black Obelisk, a monolithic public monument erected to commemorate his achievements. His military campaigns were primarily focused on conquering and subjugating neighboring territories, including Syria, Phoenicia, Israel, and parts of Babylonia. These campaigns aimed to secure Assyria's dominance in the region and establish its empire as a formidable power.
In addition to his military endeavors, Shalmaneser III was also involved in diplomatic relations with other nations. He engaged in numerous treaties and alliances, seeking tribute and payments from vassal states. These diplomatic engagements helped solidify Assyria's control over conquered lands and increased its influence throughout the Near East.
Shalmaneser III's reign was marked by significant architectural and cultural developments. He constructed grand palaces, adorned with intricate reliefs and carvings depicting scenes from his conquests and religious motifs. He also sponsored literary works and commissioned royal inscriptions, promoting the glory of the Assyrian Empire and his own achievements.
Overall, Shalmaneser III was a pivotal figure in the history of the Neo-Assyrian Empire. His military conquests, diplomatic efforts, and cultural advancements contributed to the expansion, consolidation, and grandeur of Assyria during the 9th century BCE.
Etymology of SHALMANESER III
The word "Shalmaneser III" is not derived from any particular language or etymology. Instead, it is a combination of two elements: "Shalmaneser" and "III".
"Shalmaneser" is a name that originates from the Akkadian language, which was used in ancient Mesopotamia. It is a compound of two parts: "Shalmanu" meaning "mercy" or "favor", and "Iššur" meaning "my god".
The Roman numeral "III" is added to the name to indicate that Shalmaneser III was the third king with this name in the line of succession. Roman numerals were commonly used to distinguish individuals with the same name, particularly in Western history.
