Serpent ulcer of the cornea, also known as corneal serpent ulcer or hypopyon ulcer, is a severe and potentially sight-threatening condition affecting the cornea, the transparent front part of the eye.
This particular ulcer is characterized by its snake-like appearance, as it often exhibits a winding or serpentine pattern, associated with its aggressive and progressive nature. Serpent ulcers commonly develop as a result of a bacterial or fungal infection, most frequently caused by the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa or fungi from the Candida species. Such infections usually occur as a consequence of trauma to the eye, extended contact lens use, or compromised ocular health.
Symptoms of serpent ulcer of the cornea may include intense eye pain, redness, excessive tearing, sensitivity to light, blurred vision, and the presence of a fibrinous exudate. Additionally, a hypopyon—a localized collection of pus in the anterior chamber of the eye—may be present, giving the ulcer a distinct appearance.
Immediate medical attention is crucial in cases of serpent ulcer of the cornea, as delay in treatment can lead to severe complications and potential loss of vision. Treatment typically involves the use of broad-spectrum antibiotic or antifungal medications, either in eye drop or ointment form, to combat the underlying infection. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to remove necrotic tissue or corneal transplantation may be considered to restore vision. Regular monitoring and follow-up with an eye care professional are essential to ensure proper healing and prevent complications.
