Seiche is a term used in oceanography to describe a standing wave oscillation in an enclosed or partially enclosed body of water. The spelling of this word can be confusing, as its pronunciation differs from its spelling. Using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), the word seiche can be transcribed as [seɪʃ]. The 'ei' in seiche is pronounced as a long 'a' sound, while the 'ch' is pronounced like the 'sh' sound. This phonetic transcription helps to clarify the correct pronunciation of the word seiche, which may not be immediately obvious from its spelling.
A seiche is a repeating pattern of oscillation or standing wave that occurs in an enclosed or partially enclosed body of water, such as a lake, bay, or harbor. It is typically caused by changes in atmospheric pressure, wind, or seismic activity. The word "seiche" originates from the Swiss-French term for "swaying" or "rocking."
During a seiche event, the water level in the affected body of water undergoes periodic rise and fall, often with a characteristic rhythm and regularity. These oscillations can occur in a back-and-forth or side-to-side motion, creating a wave-like movement. The duration of a seiche can range anywhere from a few minutes to several hours or even days, depending on the specific conditions and the size of the body of water.
Seiche events can have various impacts, both natural and human-induced. They can cause coastal flooding, erosion, and damage to shoreline structures. In some cases, the water level fluctuations can be strong enough to cause boats to break free from moorings or capsize. Seiches can also affect the water quality and temperature, as well as impact marine and plant life in the affected area.
Understanding the phenomenon of seiche is important in the fields of oceanography, hydrodynamics, and civil engineering, as it helps in predicting and mitigating potential hazards associated with water level fluctuations.
The word "seiche" originated from the French language. It is derived from the Old French word "seche" which means "sediment" or "sedimentation". The term was first used in the late 19th century to refer to a phenomenon observed in certain lakes and enclosed bodies of water where the water oscillates vertically due to the effects of wind, atmospheric pressure changes, or seismic activity.