The term "segmental arch" refers to an architectural arch comprised of overlapping, wedge-shaped blocks. The spelling of this word can be broken down using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). The sound represented by the letter "s" is pronounced as [s], while the "e" is pronounced as [ɛ]. The following "g" is pronounced as [dʒ], and the "m" as [m]. The letter "e" that follows is pronounced as [ə], and the "n" as [n]. Finally, the word ends with an emphasis on the "t" sound, represented by [t].
A segmental arch refers to a type of arch that is composed of multiple segments. It is a curved structure that consists of several individual sections or blocks, also known as voussoirs, which are arranged in an arc-like shape.
The segments of a segmental arch are typically similar in size and shape, and they are designed to fit together to form a smooth and continuous curve. Unlike other types of arches, such as semicircular or pointed arches, segmental arches have a less pronounced curvature, resulting in a shallower arch shape.
Segmental arches are commonly used in various architectural and engineering applications, both historical and contemporary. They can be found in bridges, tunnels, and buildings, providing structural integrity and support. The design of a segmental arch allows for the distribution of weight and forces, ensuring stability and preventing collapse.
The construction of a segmental arch requires careful planning and precise fitting of the individual segments. The voussoirs are usually made from materials such as stone, brick, or concrete. The segments are carefully positioned and secured in place, forming the desired curved shape.
Segmental arches are renowned for their aesthetic appeal, as they offer an elegant and graceful architectural feature. Their versatility and structural efficiency make them a popular choice in construction projects where an arched element is desired.
The word "segmental" in segmental arch refers to a segment, which is a part or section of a whole. The etymology of "segment" can be traced back to the Latin word "segmentum", which means a piece cut off or a section.
The term "arch" comes from the Latin word "arcus", which means a bow or an arch. "Arcus" is ultimately derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *"h₂erǵ-", meaning to bend or bow.
Thus, when combined, "segmental arch" refers to an arch that is made up of individual segments or sections. It is characterized by several shorter arches in a continuous curve rather than one single large arch.