Secondary sex characteristics are physical traits that develop during puberty and differentiate individuals between male and female sexes, although they are not directly involved in reproduction. These characteristics are typically influenced by sex hormones and appear as distinguishing features in both males and females.
In males, secondary sex characteristics include the growth of facial hair, deepening of the voice, increased muscle mass, and broader shoulders. These changes are primarily triggered by the release of testosterone during puberty. Additionally, males may experience the development of Adam's apple, increased sweat production, and the growth of pubic, chest, and underarm hair.
In females, secondary sex characteristics manifest as the growth of breasts, the widening of hips, the development of a higher-pitched voice, and the distribution of fat in the buttocks and thighs. These changes are predominantly influenced by the release of estrogen during puberty. Females may also notice the growth of pubic and underarm hair, as well as an increase in sweat production.
It is crucial to note that while these secondary sex characteristics are typical for most individuals, there can be variations and exceptions due to genetic, hormonal, or intersex conditions. The presence and onset of these characteristics can vary among individuals, but their development signifies the transformation from childhood to adulthood, supporting the role of secondary sex characteristics in distinguishing between the male and female sexes.
