Scorbut, also known as scurvy, is a medical condition caused by a deficiency of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in the diet. It is characterized by a range of symptoms, including fatigue, weakness, swollen and bleeding gums, joint pain, slow wound healing, shortness of breath, and depression. Without proper treatment, scorbut can progress and lead to more severe complications such as anemia, gum disease, and infections.
The primary cause of scorbut is a lack of vitamin C in the diet. Vitamin C is essential for the synthesis of collagen, a protein vital for the formation and maintenance of skin, blood vessels, gums, and other tissues. When the body is deprived of this vitamin, collagen production decreases, leading to weakened blood vessels and connective tissues. Consequently, the symptoms of scorbut develop.
Historically, scorbut was a common affliction among sailors on long sea voyages, as fresh fruits and vegetables, which are rich sources of vitamin C, were scarce. However, the condition can affect anyone with a severely restricted diet lacking in vitamin C-rich foods.
The treatment for scorbut involves consuming sufficient quantities of vitamin C through dietary changes or supplements. By replenishing the vitamin C stores in the body, symptoms gradually subside and the affected individual begins to recover. Additionally, a balanced diet including fruits and vegetables can help prevent the recurrence of scorbut.
