Scleritides is a medical term used to describe the inflammation of the sclera, which is the white, fibrous outer layer of the eye. The condition is characterized by redness, pain, and swelling of the sclera. Scleritides can occur as a result of various underlying causes, including autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus, infections, trauma, and certain medications.
The inflammation of the sclera in scleritides can lead to discomfort and visual disturbances. Although it primarily affects the sclera, it can also involve adjacent structures, such as the cornea and the episclera. The severity of the symptoms can vary depending on the extent of the inflammation and the underlying cause.
The diagnosis of scleritides typically involves a thorough eye examination and medical history evaluation. Additional tests, such as blood work and imaging studies, may be performed to determine the underlying cause of the inflammation.
Treatment of scleritides focuses on addressing the underlying cause and providing relief from symptoms. This may involve the use of anti-inflammatory medications, such as corticosteroids, and immunosuppressive drugs in cases of autoimmune-related scleritides. Topical or systemic antibiotics may be prescribed if an infection is determined to be the cause.
Prompt and appropriate treatment of scleritides is important to prevent potential complications, such as corneal involvement or vision loss. Regular follow-up visits with an ophthalmologist are typically recommended to monitor the condition and adjust the treatment plan as needed.
