SCALENE MUSCLES Meaning and
Definition
-
Scalene muscles refer to a group of three paired muscles located in the neck that play a crucial role in the movement and stability of the head, neck, and upper extremities. These muscles are known as the anterior scalene, middle scalene, and posterior scalene muscles.
The anterior scalene muscle is the frontmost muscle of the group, attaching from the anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth cervical vertebrae to the first rib. The middle scalene muscle is situated between the anterior and posterior scalene muscles, extending from the posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the sixth and seventh cervical vertebrae to the first rib as well. The posterior scalene muscle, positioned at the back of the group, originates from the posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the fourth, fifth, and sixth cervical vertebrae, and inserts into the second rib.
These muscles work collectively to carry out essential functions. They assist in various movements of the neck, such as flexion, rotation, and lateral flexion. Additionally, they are involved in the elevation of the upper ribs during deep inhalation and contribute to the stabilization of the neck and shoulder girdle.
Disorders or imbalances in the scalene muscles can lead to various symptoms and conditions, such as neck pain, referred shoulder pain, upper back pain, thoracic outlet syndrome, and nerve impingement. Understanding the anatomy and functions of the scalene muscles is important for healthcare professionals and individuals seeking to manage or treat conditions related to the neck and upper body.
Etymology of SCALENE MUSCLES
The word "scalene" comes from the Latin term "scalēnus", which itself is derived from the Greek word "skalenos". In Greek, "skalenos" means "uneven" or "oblique". This term was used to describe the scalene muscles due to their shape and location. The scalene muscles are a group of three muscles found in the neck and are named in reference to their unequal length and oblique position when compared to each other.
