Sawflies, pronounced as /ˈsɔːˌflaɪs/, are a type of insect belonging to the suborder Symphyta. The word "sawflies" may seem like it should be spelled with a "z" instead of an "s", but the "s" is correct because the word comes from the Old English word "saga" meaning saw, and "flīgan" meaning fly. The use of "s" in this word is consistent with the pronunciation of other Old English words where "s" is used as a fricative sound even when "z" may be the contemporary norm.
Sawflies are a type of insect belonging to the order Hymenoptera, which includes bees, wasps, and ants. They are characterized by their saw-like ovipositor, a specialized body part located at the end of the abdomen of the females. Sawflies received their name due to this elongated and serrated ovipositor, resembling a tiny saw blade.
These insects are generally small in size, measuring from a few millimeters to a couple of centimeters in length. They have two pairs of wings and can be found in a wide variety of habitats, ranging from forests to gardens and agricultural fields.
Sawflies have a diverse diet, with most species being herbivorous. The larvae of sawflies are the most distinctive stage in their life cycle, resembling caterpillars with their soft bodies and six or more pairs of abdominal prolegs. These larvae often feed on leaves, causing defoliation of plants. Some sawfly species are considered agricultural pests due to the damage they can cause to crops.
Predators of sawflies include birds, insects, and spiders, helping to control their population. However, sawflies also have natural defenses against predators, such as their ability to secrete repellent substances or mimic the appearance of wasps, deterring potential attackers.
In conclusion, sawflies are a group of small insects characterized by their saw-like ovipositor and herbivorous feeding habits. While some species can be detrimental to plants, they play a role in ecosystems as a food source for other organisms.
The word "sawflies" is derived from the Old English term "sagefugol", which means "sawfly". The term "sagefugol" consists of two components: "sage" comes from the Old English word "sagu", meaning "saw", and "fugol" means "bird". This combination references the sawfly's method of oviposition (egg-laying), which resembles a bird's beak or a saw in action. Over time, "sagefugol" evolved into "sawfly" in modern English, and "sawflies" came to be used as the plural form of the word.