The word "Sati" is spelled with two syllables, pronounced as /ˈsɑː.ti/. The first syllable is stressed, and is pronounced as "saa". The second syllable is pronounced as "ti", with a short "i" sound. The word refers to an ancient Hindu practice where a widow would immolate herself on her husband's funeral pyre. This practice is now illegal in India, but remnants of it still persist in some parts of the country. The word is also used to refer to a goddess in Hindu mythology.
Sati is a term that encompasses both a cultural and religious practice that was historically prevalent in parts of South Asia, particularly in ancient India. Derived from the Sanskrit word "suttee," which means "a virtuous woman," Sati refers to the act of a Hindu widow voluntarily or forcibly immolating herself on the funeral pyre of her deceased husband.
In this traditional practice, the widow would dress ceremonially, wearing her marital jewelry and attire, and would publicly join her husband's funeral procession. The ultimate act of Sati involved her willingly climbing onto the pyre before it was ignited, while sometimes being coerced or even forced to do so. It was believed that by performing Sati, the widow would demonstrate her devotion, loyalty, and ultimate sacrifice to her deceased husband, thus ensuring her own and his spiritual liberation.
Sati holds a significant place in cultural and religious history and has been a subject of extensive debate and controversy. This practice, prevalent between the 4th and 18th centuries, has been widely condemned as oppressive, exploitative, and a violation of women's rights. It has been banned by British colonial authorities in the 19th century, eventually leading to its eradication in most regions of South Asia. Today, Sati is considered illegal and is widely rejected due to its inhumane nature and disregard for women's autonomy and well-being.