Sarin is a highly toxic nerve agent that is classified as a chemical weapon. It is colorless, tasteless, and odorless, making it difficult to detect. It was first developed as a pesticide in Germany in the 1930s but was later weaponized during World War II. Sarin is a liquid at room temperature, but it can evaporate quickly, turning into a deadly gas. It can be released into the air as an aerosol or used to contaminate food or water supplies.
Upon exposure to sarin, either by inhalation, skin contact, or ingestion, it quickly disrupts the normal functioning of the nervous system. It irreversibly blocks the action of an enzyme, acetylcholinesterase, that regulates the transmission of nerve signals. This causes an excessive accumulation of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter, which results in overstimulation of the nerve cells. The symptoms of sarin poisoning include sweating, blurred vision, loss of consciousness, convulsions, respiratory distress, and ultimately, death.
Due to its extreme toxicity and potential for mass destruction, sarin is classified as a Schedule 1 substance by the Chemical Weapons Convention. It is banned for use in warfare and has been the subject of international efforts to eliminate existing stockpiles. The production, stockpiling, and use of sarin are strictly regulated and considered illegal under international law.
