SAHLIS TEST Meaning and
Definition
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Sahlis test is a medical diagnostic test used to assess the presence of tuberculosis (TB) infection in the body. It is also known as the Sahlis' reaction or the Sahlis' test. This test is named after its developer, Sven Sahlis, a Swedish physician who first described the technique.
The Sahlis test involves injecting a substance called Old Tuberculin into the skin, usually on the forearm. Old Tuberculin is a purified protein derivative (PPD) derived from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria responsible for causing TB. After a period of time, usually 48 to 72 hours, the area where the injection was made is examined for any skin reaction.
A positive reaction to the Sahlis test occurs if the skin at the injection site becomes raised, red, or swollen, indicating a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to the Old Tuberculin. This response suggests that the individual has been previously exposed to TB bacteria and has developed an immune response against it, typically as a result of an infection or vaccination.
However, it's important to note that a positive Sahlis test does not confirm active TB disease, as it only indicates exposure or infection. Further diagnostic tests such as chest X-ray, sputum culture, or molecular tests are required to confirm active tuberculosis.
The Sahlis test is considered an important tool for the detection of latent TB infection, especially in high-risk populations, and it plays a crucial role in tuberculosis control programs worldwide.
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Etymology of SAHLIS TEST
The term "Sahlis test" is named after its creator, Friedrich Sahlis, a German physician. The test is used to diagnose or check for certain blood disorders, specifically pernicious anemia and gastric atrophy.
