Rush light is a type of traditional lighting source, made from a rush in the form of a long, flat wick that is dipped in tallow or oil. The word "rush light" is spelled using English orthography rules, in which each letter represents a distinct sound. In IPA phonetic transcription, the word would be spelled /rʌʃ laɪt/, with the "u" pronounced as in "up", the "a" as in "cat", the "sh" sound represented by the symbol ʃ, and the "ai" pronounced as in "bite".
A rush light is a simple, primitive type of candle made from the pith or stalk of a rush plant, typically found in wetland environments.
The rush, which is long and slender, is soaked in grease or fat and then allowed to dry. Once dried, the rush is lit on one end, acting as a wick, and the fat sustains and fuels the flame. The resulting rush light emits a dim and flickering illumination.
Historically, rush lights were widely used as a source of light in households before the advent of more sophisticated lighting methods. They were particularly popular during the medieval period and persisted until the 19th century.
The simplicity and affordability of rush lights made them accessible to a wide range of people, especially those in rural or economically disadvantaged areas who couldn't afford candles made from more expensive materials. Rush lights were often used in cottages, farms, and other humble dwellings where other forms of lighting were impractical or unaffordable.
Today, rush lights have largely fallen out of use as modern lighting options have become more readily available and efficient. However, they still hold historical and cultural significance, providing insights into the simpler, resourceful ways our ancestors illuminated their lives.
A night-light having a wick of rush-pith.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
The term "rush light" has a straightforward etymology. It combines the words "rush" and "light", which refer to the materials used to make this type of lighting device.
The word "rush" comes from Middle English "rusche", derived from Old English "risce". It refers to a type of tall, wetland plant with slender stems that was commonly used for making floor coverings, baskets, and in this case, lighting devices.
The word "light" in this context simply means a source of illumination. In Old English, it was "light", which has remained relatively unchanged.
Therefore, when combined, "rush light" refers to a light source made using a rush plant as its main component.