The word "rotten" (ˈrɒtən) is spelled with two "t's" instead of a single "t" because it follows the rule of doubling a consonant after a short vowel sound. In this case, the first syllable of "rotten" has a short vowel sound, represented by the symbol /ɒ/ in IPA phonetic transcription. Doubling the "t" in "rotten" helps to indicate the correct pronunciation of the word, emphasizing the short vowel sound in the first syllable and distinguishing it from similar words like "roten" or "rotan".
Rotten is an adjective that describes something that is in a state of decay or decomposition. It refers to the physical deterioration and putrefaction of organic matter, typically resulting from the growth of bacteria, fungi, or other microorganisms. When an object or substance is described as rotten, it means that it has undergone significant chemical changes, rendering it useless, unpleasant, or potentially harmful.
The term can also be applied metaphorically to characterize non-physical things such as ideas, behavior, or situations. In this context, rotten is used to convey the idea of being morally corrupt, spoiled, or morally degraded. For example, a rotten person may exhibit dishonesty, mean-spiritedness, or lack of integrity.
Furthermore, "rotten" can be used colloquially to describe something that is of poor quality or unsatisfactory. This informal usage suggests something that is undesirable, worthless, or disappointing. For instance, one might describe a rotten book as poorly written or a rotten movie as a film of low standard.
Overall, the term rotten signifies a state of decay, whether it's referring to physical decomposition, moral degradation, or the perception of poor quality. It conveys a negative connotation, emphasizing the diminished value or unpleasantness associated with the subject being described as rotten.
• See ROT.
• Putrid; corrupt; decomposed by the natural process of decay; having some defect in principle; treacherous.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
* The statistics data for these misspellings percentages are collected from over 15,411,110 spell check sessions on www.spellchecker.net from Jan 2010 - Jun 2012.
The word "rotten" has its origins in Middle English. It is derived from the Old English word "rotian", meaning "to rot" or "decay". This Old English term is further related to the Proto-Germanic word "rutōną". The term "rutōną" had the same meaning of "to decay" or "to rot". Ultimately, both the Old English and Proto-Germanic words can be traced back to the Proto-Indo-European root "reud-" meaning "to tear apart" or "destroy".