Roneo is a printing process that uses a duplicating machine similar to a stencil. The spelling of "roneo" can be explained using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) as /rəʊˈniːəʊ/. The first syllable "ro" is pronounced with the vowel sound represented by the symbol /əʊ/, which is similar to the "o" sound in "bone" or "stone". The second syllable "neo" is pronounced with a long "e" sound represented by the symbol /iː/. Together, the word "roneo" is pronounced as "ro-NEE-o".
Roneo, also known as a Roneograph, is a mechanical duplicating machine that was commonly used in the mid-20th century. It essentially served as a precursor to modern photocopying machines. The term "roneo" is closely associated with the manufacturer Roneo Limited, a British company that was well-known for producing such devices.
The roneo machine was designed to create duplicate copies of printed or written documents. It operated using a stencil principle, where the original document was first typed or written onto a stencil sheet. This stencil sheet was then attached to a large rotary drum within the machine. The drum was coated with ink, and as it rotated, the ink was transferred onto paper sheets that were fed through the machine. The result was a replica of the original document.
Roneo machines were commonly used in offices and schools for tasks like duplicating handouts, circulars, or memos. They were particularly popular before the advent of photocopiers, as they offered a more efficient and cost-effective alternative to traditional methods of duplication such as carbon paper or mimeographs. However, with the advent of modern photocopying technology, roneo machines gradually became obsolete and fell out of widespread use.
Today, the term "roneo" is often used more as a historical reference to denote this specific type of duplicating machine, rather than as an active descriptor of a current technology.
The word "roneo" is of uncertain etymology. It is derived from the brand name Roneo, which was a manufacturer of stencil duplicators or mimeograph machines. The company Roneo Limited was founded in the early 20th century in London, England, and became well-known for its patented duplicating technology. Over time, the brand name Roneo became a generic term for any type of stencil duplicator. However, the exact origin or meaning of the word before it became a brand name is not clear.