Ring disease is a term used to describe a fungal infection that affects and damages the wood of trees. It is caused by various species of fungus, most commonly belonging to the group of pathogens known as the "white rot fungi." The name "ring disease" stems from the characteristic symptom it produces – a ring-shaped decay pattern around the trunk or branches of an affected tree.
The fungus responsible for ring disease infiltrates the inner layers of the tree's bark, leading to the destruction of the wood tissues beneath. The infected wood usually becomes discolored, appearing brown or black, and loses its structural integrity. As the fungus continues to grow, it forms a distinct ring-shaped pattern of decay, encircling the infected section of the tree. This ring can range in size and severity, depending on the stage and duration of the infection.
Ring disease commonly targets hardwood trees, such as oaks, beeches, maples, and elm trees, although it can also affect conifers. It generally thrives in moist and humid environments, making trees growing in damp areas more susceptible to infection. Besides the visual symptoms, affected trees might exhibit signs of decline, such as wilting leaves, reduced growth, and increased susceptibility to other pathogens or pests.
Given the destructive nature of ring disease, it can pose a serious risk to the health and longevity of affected trees. Prompt detection of symptoms and appropriate treatment such as pruning or removal of infected parts can help mitigate the spread and impact of the disease, preserving the affected tree's overall health.
