Rhonchi refers to an abnormal respiratory sound that is characterized by a continuous low-pitched sound that resembles snoring or rattling. This sound occurs when there is an obstruction or narrowing of the airways, particularly within the larger air passages such as the bronchial tubes. Rhonchi are typically caused by the presence of mucus, secretions, or other fluid in the airways, which disrupts the smooth flow of air while breathing.
These abnormal respiratory sounds can be heard during auscultation, which is the process of listening to the sounds produced by the lungs, using a stethoscope. Rhonchi are often described as coarse or sonorous, and they can be heard during both inhalation and exhalation, although they may be more pronounced during exhalation.
Rhonchi can be associated with various respiratory conditions, including bronchitis, pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, or other lung infections. They may also occur as a result of a foreign body obstruction in the airway, or due to the presence of a tumor or mass that is obstructing the air passage. Moreover, certain lifestyle habits, such as smoking or exposure to environmental pollutants, can contribute to the development of rhonchi.
Diagnosing the underlying cause of rhonchi is crucial in order to determine appropriate treatment. Further investigations, such as chest X-ray, sputum analysis, or lung function tests, may be required to identify the specific condition causing the abnormal respiratory sounds. Treatment may involve addressing the underlying cause, managing symptoms, and improving airway clearance through techniques like postural drainage, bronchodilators, or mucolytic medications.
