Rhodotorula is a genus of yeast-like fungi that belongs to the family Sporidiobolaceae. It is characterized by its bright or pale pink to orange-colored colonies, hence the name "rhodo" meaning rose or red. Members of this genus are commonly found in diverse environments, including soil, air, water, plants, food, and the human microbiota.
The cells of Rhodotorula are typically non-motile, spherical, and unicellular, although some species may form branching, filamentous structures known as pseudo-hyphae. They reproduce by budding, where a smaller daughter cell grows off the parent cell. Rhodotorula cells are usually larger than most other yeast cells, ranging from 3 to 10 micrometers in diameter.
Rhodotorula includes numerous species that can display different physiological and biochemical characteristics. Some species are considered opportunistic pathogens, capable of causing infections in immunocompromised individuals, particularly those with compromised skin or mucous membranes. These infections can manifest as skin and nail infections, and in rare cases, systemic infections. However, most species are benign and do not pose a significant health risk to humans.
Rhodotorula species have also demonstrated the potential for various biotechnological applications. They can produce pigments, such as carotenoids, which are valued for their colorant and antioxidant properties. Additionally, Rhodotorula has been explored for its ability to degrade environmental pollutants and as a potential source of bioactive compounds with antimicrobial, antifungal, and anticancer activities.
In summary, Rhodotorula is a genus of pink to orange-colored fungi that can be found in various habitats. While some species can cause infections in susceptible individuals, most are harmless or can even have beneficial applications
