Rhachitis is a medical condition characterized by a deficiency of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate, leading to abnormalities in bone development and growth. Also known as rickets, it primarily affects growing children and is marked by weakened and soft bones due to inadequate mineralization.
The insufficient levels of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate interfere with the normal process of bone formation and mineralization. Vitamin D plays a crucial role in the absorption of calcium and phosphate from food, and their proper utilization within the body. When these essential nutrients are deficient, the body fails to properly mineralize the bones, causing them to become weak, soft, and flexible.
The symptoms of rhachitis may include bone pain, muscle weakness, delayed growth, bowing or curvature of the legs, and a deformity of the bones. Children with rhachitis may also experience dental problems, such as delayed tooth development and tooth enamel defects.
The most common cause of rhachitis is a deficiency of vitamin D, which can occur due to inadequate dietary intake, limited sun exposure, or impaired absorption. Other risk factors include certain medical conditions, such as kidney or liver disorders, certain medication use, and malnutrition.
Treatment for rhachitis typically involves addressing the underlying cause of the deficiency and administering supplements of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate to correct the imbalance. In severe cases, additional medical interventions, such as braces or surgical procedures, may be required to correct skeletal deformities. Prevention of rhachitis primarily involves ensuring adequate intake of vitamin D and other essential nutrients through a balanced diet, sunlight exposure, and appropriate supplementation in at-risk populations, such as young children.
