Pronunciation: [ɹˈɛtɪnəz] (IPA) 
The spelling of the word "retinas" may seem confusing due to its pronunciation. The IPA phonetic transcription for "retinas" is /ˈrɛtɪnəz/. The letter "e" in the second syllable is pronounced as a schwa sound, which is an unstressed and neutral vowel. The final "a" in "retinas" is pronounced as a short "u" sound, such as in "cup" or "hut." Therefore, the correct spelling for the plural form of "retina" is "retinas."
Retinas, in the field of anatomy and ophthalmology, refer to the light-sensitive tissue layers located at the back of the eye. The retina plays a critical role in vision as it receives and processes light, converting it into neural signals that are transmitted to the brain, ultimately enabling the perception of visual images.
Comprising several layers of specialized cells, the retinas contain two main types of photoreceptor cells: rods and cones. Rods, which are more abundant, are responsible for vision in dim light conditions and are essential for peripheral and night vision. On the other hand, cones are involved in color vision, visual acuity, and enable the perception of fine details. They are concentrated primarily in the central part of the retina, known as the macula.
The retinas also consist of other significant cell types, such as ganglion cells, bipolar cells, and horizontal cells, which help in processing and transmitting visual information from the photoreceptor cells to the brain via the optic nerve. Additionally, the retinas house various supporting cells that maintain the overall health and functionality of the retina.
Due to its complex structure and intricacy in the visual process, the retina serves as a vital component in maintaining normal vision. Certain diseases, such as retinal detachment, macular degeneration, or diabetic retinopathy, can lead to retinal damage and vision impairment. Regular eye examinations are recommended to detect and address any retinal disorders at an early stage to preserve visual function.
* The statistics data for these misspellings percentages are collected from over 15,411,110 spell check sessions on www.spellchecker.net from Jan 2010 - Jun 2012.
The word "retinas" is derived from the Late Latin term "retina", which means "net-like". This Latin word is believed to have originated from the Latin noun "rete", which translates to "net". The term was first introduced into the English language in the early 19th century to refer to the light-sensitive membrane found at the back of the eye.
